Nut lock



- July 2,1935. R A NE 2,006,359

v NUT LOCK Filed July 3, 1933 p Y W //i, 1 ,5 A? J Laakrzefl I Patented July 2, 1935 2,006,359 a .NU O K! M Rolph J. Lackner, Ozone Park, N. Y. I 'Application Ju ly 3, 1933, Serial No, 678,958 v 1- Claim. "'(Cl."151-'39) g This invention relates to an improved nut lock of the nut, the nut being formed with intervenand seeks, among other objects, to provide a device ing tread surfaces l3 inclining from the base of of this character embodying a nut provided at its one shoulder, respectively, to the free radial edge inner side with arat'chet faceof' peculiarcone i lof the nextsucceeding shoulderf The nut is 5 struction adapted to cooperate with a split washer thus provided at its lower side with a ratchet face. :5 and wherein the shoulders of the nut will not only Attention is directed to the fact that the tread be beveled or inclined toobtain greater strength surfaces l3 ofthe nut are not only inclined cirthrough the presenceof-more metal'atthe shoulcumferentially of the nut from each shoulderto 'ders, as compared with straight vertical shoulders the next, respectively, but are also tiltedjradially but wherein the inclinedshoulders of the nut will so that the shoulders l2 are tapered inwidth 10 also be tapered in width to present a greater bearfrom their outer ends, at the outer periphery; of ing area adjacent the outer periphery of the nut. the nut, to their inner ends at the bore of the nut. Theinvention seeks, as a further object, to pro-' In thus tapering the shoulders and tilting the videa device embodying alocking washer ofnovel tread surfaces 13, it is necessary to cut away ,a construction adapted to selectively coact with the correspondingly reduced amount of metal at the h) shoulders of the nut in sucha way that retrograde bore of the nut so that for a nut of given thickstrainof the nut on the washer will bexdistributed ness, a maximum number of treads may be em:- toward the outer circumference of the washer. ployed. Furthermore, the shoulders l2 each And theinvention seek's, as a still further obprovide abearing area gradually increasing. in iect, to provide a. device whereinthewasher will width toward the outer circumference of the nut. 20 be so formed that'as the nut is tightened, the Similarly, by obliquely tilting the shoulders I2, washer will be caused to gouge into the work to more metal is present at each shoulder, as cornprovide an effective lock for the nut. pared with a straight vertical shoulder and,;ac- With the; foregoing and other/objects in view, cordingly, it maybe saidthat the shoulders I2 2.5 the invention consists in certain novel details of are reinforced. As will be observed, the, edg construction and combination of partsherein- M of the shoulders l2 are straightand all lie in after fully described and claimed, itbeing underthe same plane. I stood that various modifications maybe resorted vIn conjunction with the nut I l, I provide asplit to within the scope of the appendedclaim with; resilientwasher l5, the ends of which are nor- 30. out departing from the spirit or sacrificingany mally disposed out ofi The upp a Q -of the advantages of the invention. ,7 v of the washer is flat while the lower face thereof In the accompanying drawing, Fig. lis an ele is, as particularly seen in Fig. 4, of cone-shape, vation showing aconventional bolt equipped with the washer being tapered in thickness from its my improvednut and washer, x 1 u outer circumference to its inner circumference. 3.5 Fig. 2is an elevation showing the nut designed Near one end, the washer is thickened at its 5 to meet with the washer, lowerside-only, to provide a beveled shoulder l6 Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view showingthe inclining from the adjacent end of thewasher nut inverted, while, near its opposite end, the washer is thick- Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional viewon the line ened at its upp Side n pr vi e a imilar 40 4-4 of Fig. 2, inclined shoulder l'l sloping from the latter end 40 Fig. 5 is an elevation showing a modification of of the washer. the invention applied to a cap bolt, n Figs. 2 and 4 of the drawin I v how Fig. 6 is a detail elevation showing a modified the nut H tightened on the bolt. l0. After the form of locking washer, bolt has been inserted through the work, con-' Fig. 7 is a detail elevation showing another ventionally illustrated at IS, the washer I5 is ap- 45 modified form of locking washer, plied to rest against the work after which the Fig. 8 is a detail elevation showing still another nut is tightened in the usual way to coact with modified form of locking washer as well as a modithe Washer- A will be Seen, the Shoulder i at fled form of nut. one end of the washer will tend to gouge into the Referring now tothe drawing and particularly work while the shoulder I1 at theother end of to Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, I have shown a conventional the washer will, as t e 111117 is tu ned, ride over bolt at In and screwed on the bolt is a nut l I. As the shoulders l2 of the nut until the nut is comshown in detail inFig. 3, the inner side of the nut pletely tightened when the adjacent end face of is stepped to provide a plurality of inclined radial the washer will coact with one of the shoulders shoulders l2 which extend obliquely to the axis l2, as shown in Fig. 2, for lockingthe nut against 55 retrograde movement. Due to the oblique tilt of the shoulders I 2, the end of the washer which coacts with the nut will, as the nut is tightened, be prevented from suddenly snapping off of the shoulders onto the surfaces I3 of the nut but will more or less gradually ride over the shoulders so that possibility of fracture of the shoulders or the free end of the washer. will be correspondingly reduced.

When the nut is tightenecLthe major portion of the pressure on the washer I5 will, due to the shape of the washer at its lower side, be concentrated at the periphery of the washer so that retrograde strain on the nut will, in the main, be,

communicated to the peripheral portion of the washer. The washer will thus not only be caused to gouge into the work at its lower peripheral edge so as to frictionally coast with the work throughout the major portion of the circumfer: ence of the washer for resisting the retrograde strain of the nut but also thewasher will most effectively coact with the nut adjacent its outer circumference and willthus obtain greatest radial leverage on the nut tending to hold the 'nut against retrograde movement. For such reason, the shoulders I2 are widened toward their outer ends so as to provide a correspondingly increased bearingarea toward the outer periphery of the nut for the coacting end faceof the washer.

In Fig. 5 of the drawing I have shown aslight modification of the invention embodying a cap bolt I9 having ahead 20. In this variation, the head 20 is provided at its lower sidewith shoulders 2I like the shoulders I2 of the nut II, and with'tre'ad' surfaces 22 like the tread surfaces I3. One of the washers I5 isshown inposition on the bolt. e

In Fig. 6 of the drawing, I have illustrated another modification of the invention wherein I employ a split resilient cone-shaped washer 23 which is provided with aninverted cone-shaped bore-24. A nut, like the nut II, is shown at- 25 and, as will be seen, when the nut is tightened, the washer 23 will, as illustrated in dotted lines, be flattened against the work so that the greatest tension between the nut and washer will occur at the outer peripheral margin of the-washer. If so desired,'the washer may be provided with a notch 26 so that when it'is desired to remove thenut the washer will fracture at such point without mutilating the nut. Y

InFig. 7 of the drawing I have illustrated another variation'of the invention wherein I employ asplit resilient cone-shaped washer 21 pro vided at its lower side with a depending periph 'eral rib'28 V-shaped in cross section. A nut, like the nut II, is indicated at 29 and as shown in dotted lines, the washer 21 will, when the nut is tightened, be flattened so that the rib 28 i will be caused to gouge into the work. Accordingly, the greatest binding action between the washer and nut will occur at the outer peripheral margin of the washer.

In Fig. 8 of the drawing I have illustrated still another modification of the invention wherein I employ a. split resilient Washer 30 which is flattened and is provided with an inverted coneshaped bore 3 I while, at its lower side, the washer is formed with a peripheral V-shaped rib 32 like the rib 28. In this instance, I provide a nut 33 which is formed at its lower side with a cone face 34 while, if so desired, the nut may also be provided at its upper side with a similar cone face 35 so that the nut will thus be reversible. As shown in dotted lines in Figure 8 of the drawing, the cone face 34 of the nut will, when the nut is tightened, coact with the wall of the bore -3I of the-washerand tend to spread the Washer so that th'erib 32 thereof willbe caused to gouge into the work, the washer being dished somewhat between the work and the nut. Thus, the greatest binding action between the nut and'washer will occur at the outer peripheral margin of the washer so that the greatest retrograde strain of the nut on the washer will occur adjacent the outer: circumference of the washer while, also, the washer will have the greatest radial leverage on the nut. I I Having thus described the invention, Iclaim:

In a. nut lock, abolt having a threaded shank, a split washer of a diameter to fit about the shank of said bolt, said washer being formed of resilient material and having afiat outer face" and a concavedfrusto-conical inner face tapered toward the inner peripheral edge of the washer-in converging relation to the outer face, ends of said washer being offset axially of the bolt to provide the washer with a work engagingjend portion and a nut'engaging inclined shoulder of the other end portion of the washer extending in a direction opposite to that'of the work engaging end portion, and a nut threaded upon the shank of said bolt and'having its annulai finner end face formed withtread surfaces extending at an incline circumferentially of the nut with their djoinihgbhds' ofiset'a' xially thereof and conncted by uninterrupted shoulders extending continuously at :a steep incline between the said ends, said tread'surfaces being tapered toward theboltreceiving bore of the nut'and disposed at a radial inclinewhereby said shoulders are gradually reduced in d pth toward their inner ends. ROLPH J. LACKNER. 

